Bankart-Bony

 Bony Bankart Classification / Treatment
  • Reported in 5-56% of cases of traumatic anterior shoulder instability(Lynch JR, JSES 2009;18:317).
  • Recurrent instability reported in 67% of patients with an inverted-pear glenoid treated with a soft-tissue procedure compared to 4% with a normal glenoid (Burkhart SS, Arthroscopy 2000;16:677).
  • Anterior-inferior glenoid defect of 21% of the glenoid length significantly reduces the translational force required for dislocation. Stability decreases progressively with increaseing glenoid defecs. (Itoi E, JBJS 2000;82A:35).
  • Lesion of 21% of the glenoid length decreases the intrinsic stability of the glenoid by 50% (Montgomery WH, JBJS 2005;87A:1972).
  • Bare spot of the glenoid is equidistant to the anterior, posterior, and inferior glenoid rim. Consider treatment of the glenoid defect if the deficiency is >25% of the diameter of the glenoid. Burkart SS, Arthroscopy 2002;18:488.)
  • Bony Bankart lesions of up to 20.9% of the glenoid (average 9.2%) have been successfully repair arthroscopically with suture anchors. (Sugaya H,  J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2005 Aug;87(8):1752-60.)
Type 1 bony bankart piicture

Type I: displaced avulsion fracture

  • Small fragment: treatment = excision and Bankart repair vs arthroscopic repair incorporateing the bony Bankart into the repair using suture anchors (Porcellini G, Arthroscopy 2002;18:764)
  • Large fragment: treatment = arthroscopic vs open reduction and internal fixation; generally with cannulated screws. 
  • Bony Bankart lesions of up to 20.9% of the glenoid (average 9.2%) have been successfully repair arthroscopically with suture anchors. (Sugaya H,  J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2005 Aug;87(8):1752-60.)

 

 

 

(Bigliani LU, AJSM 1998;26:41)
type 2 bony bankart picture

Type II: malunited avulsion fracture

  • Small fragment: treatment = excision and Bankart repair.
  • Large fragment: treatment = arthroscopic vs open reduction and internal fixation; generally with cannulated screws.

 

 

 

(Bigliani LU, AJSM 1998;26:41)
type 3a bony bankart picture

Type IIIA: erosion of glenoid; less than 25%

  • Treatment = arthroscopic vs open Bankart repair +/- capsular shift.

(Bigliani LU, AJSM 1998;26:41)
type 3b bony bankart picture

Type IIIB: erosion of glenoid; greater then 25%

  • Glenoid deficiency greater than 25% generally requires treatment (bone grafting vs coracoid transfer).
  • Treatment options
    -Latarjet procedure (Allain J, JBJS 1998;80:841), (Burkart S, AJSM),
    -Tricortical iliac crest great (Warner JJ, AJSM 2006:34:205),
    -Open anterior soft tissue stabilization [large defects loose @7ºER] (Pagnani M, JBJS 2008;36A:1805).

 

 

(Bigliani LU, AJSM 1998;26:41)